<= DeCSS Central Main Page


     WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES LLP
     JARED B. BOBROW (State Bar. No. 133712)
     2882 Sand Hill Road, Suite 280
     Menlo Park, California 94025
     Telephone:  (650) 926-6200
     Facsimile:  (650) 854-3713

     OF COUNSEL:

     WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES LLP
     ROBERT  G.  SUGARMAN**  Pro  hac  vice  applications being submitt=
ed to the
     Court.
     JEFFREY L. KESSLER*
     767 Fifth Avenue
     New York, New York 10153
     Telephone:  (212) 310-8000
     Facsimile:  (212) 310-8007

     Attorneys for Plaintiff
     DVD Copy Control Association, Inc.

     Additional Counsel Listed On The Signature Page


                      SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA


                                COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA
|------------------------------------------>
|                                          |
| DVD COPY CONTROL ASSOCIATION, INC., a    |
| not-for-profit trade association,        |
|                                          |
|                                          |
| Plaintiff,                               |
|                                          |
|                                          |
| v.                                       |
|                                          |
|                                          |
| ANDREW THOMAS MCLAUGHLIN, an individual; |
| ANDREW BUNNER, an individual; JOHN V.    |
| KEW, an individual; SCOTT KARLINS, an    |
| individual; GLENN ROSENBLATT, an         |
| individual; DALE EMMONS, an individual,  |
| EMMANUEL GOLDSTEIN, an individual;       |
| DOUGLAS R. WINSLOW, an individual;       |
| JONATHAN BLANK, an individual; ROGER     |
| KUMAR, an individual; ROBERT JONES, an   |
| individual; EN HONG, an individual;      |
| MATTHEW ROBERT PAVOLICH, an individual;  |
| IAN A. GULLIVER, an individual; JON      |
| HANSON, an individual; DAVID M. CHAN, an |
| individual; CAMERON SIMPSON, an          |
| individual; TOM VOGT, an individual;     |
| CYRIL AMSELLEM, an individual; THORSTEN  |
| FENK, an individual; ADRIAN BAUGH, an    |
| individual and DOES 1-500, inclusive.    |
|                                          |
|                                          |
| Defendants.                              |
|                                          |
|------------------------------------------>
  >---------------------------------------|
  |                                       |
  | Case No.                              |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  | COMPLAINT FOR                         |
  | INJUNCTIVE RELIEF FOR                 |
  | MISAPPROPRIATION OF                   |
  | TRADE SECRETS                         |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  |                                       |
  >---------------------------------------|






                     Plaintiff, the DVD Copy Control Association, Inc. =
(?DVD


     CCA?), by its attorneys, Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, for its Compl=
aint,


     alleges as follows:






                                    INTRODUCTION


     1.    Plaintiff, DVD CCA, a trade association and the sole licensi=
ng entity
     for Digital Video Disc (?DVD?) technology, brings this action to e=
njoin
     defendant web site owners (?Defendants?) from their continued
     misappropriation of trade secrets licensed by DVD CCA.  DVD CCA is=
 informed
     and believes, and based thereon alleges that Defendants have discl=
osed, and
     continue knowingly and willfully to disclose, proprietary informat=
ion on
     their Internet web sites as part of a scheme to defeat DVD encrypt=
ion
     software which thus enables users to illegally pirate copies of DV=
D videos.
     2.    The named defendants, and certain Doe defendants, continue t=
heir
     unauthorized posting of proprietary information -- which they eith=
er
     obtained by improper means or knew or should have known was obtain=
ed by
     others by improper means -- despite the fact that cease and desist=
 letters
     were sent to their web sites demanding that such proprietary infor=
mation be
     taken down from their sites.  After receiving such notice, many su=
ch web
     sites voluntarily removed the proprietary information at issue fro=
m their
     sites.  Certain defendants have not received any notice to date be=
cause
     their existence has only recently come to the attention of DVD CCA=
.
     3.    Defendants? posting of the proprietary information licensed =
by DVD
     CCA on their web sites has caused the illegal pirating of the moti=
on
     picture industry?s copyrighted content contained on DVDs.  Defenda=
nts?
     actions threaten the financial stability of this new digital video=
 format
     for viewing movies and other images -- which has thus far been wel=
l
     received by the consuming public.  Additionally, Defendants? actio=
ns
     threaten the very existence of DVD CCA and the hundreds of compani=
es
     involved in the DVD industry, including 73 companies in California=
 of which
     there are 42 in this county and an additional 17 in other Bay area=

     locations.  Moreover, if Defendants are not restrained and enjoine=
d, their
     unchecked illegal activities will chill future technological innov=
ation in
     the motion picture, consumer electronics and computer industries a=
nd
     discourage other industries from making their content available to=
 the
     public (as the motion picture industry has done here) in new forma=
ts.
                                       PARTIES

                                    The Plaintiff


     4.    Plaintiff, DVD CCA, is a not-for-profit trade association or=
ganized
     under the laws of the State of Delaware and has its principal plac=
e of
     business at 225 B Cochrane Circle, Morgan Hill, California.  DVD C=
CA is the
     sole licensor of a proprietary system for the encryption and decry=
ption of
     data contained on DVDs known as the Content Scramble System (or ?C=
SS?).
                                   The Defendants


     5.    DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Andrew Thomas McLaughlin (?McLaughlin?) is a citizen of =
the State
     of California, and operates an Internet web=

 site addressed as
     mclaughlin.orange.ca.us/~andrew.
     6.    DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Andrew Bunner (?Bunner?) is a citizen of the State of Ca=
lifornia,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as www.sharedlib.org/d=
ecss.zip.
     7.    DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant John V. Kew (?Kew?) is a citizen of the State of Califor=
nia, and
     operates an Internet web site addressed as www.logorrhea.com/deCSS=
.html.
     8.    DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Scott Karlins (?Karlins?) is a citizen of the State of G=
eorgia,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.theresistance.net/files.html.
     9.    DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Glenn Rosenblatt (?Rosenblatt?) is a citizen of the Stat=
e of New
     York, and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.pzcommunications.com/decss/main.html.
     10.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Dale Emmons (?Emmons?) is a citizen of the State of Wisc=
onsin,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.frozenlinux.com/civ/decss.
     11.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Emmanuel Goldstein (?Goldstein?) is a citizen of the Sta=
te of New
     York, and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.2600.com/news/1999/1112.html.
     12.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Douglas R. Winslow (?Winslow?) is a citizen of the State=
 of
     Maryland, and operates Internet web sites addressed as
     douglas.min.net/~drw/css-auth and Chatzone.org/~drw/css-auth.
     13.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Jonathan Blank (?Blank?) is a citizen of the State of Ok=
lahoma,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as caspian.twu.net/dvd=
.
     14.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Roger Kumar (?Kumar?) is a citizen of the State of Penns=
ylvania,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as www.bigteam.org.
     15.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Robert Jones (?Jones?) is a citizen of the State of Sout=
h
     Carolina, and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.dev.zero.org/freecss.html.
     16.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant En Hong (?Hong?) is a citizen of the State of Georgia, a=
nd
     operates an Internet web site addressed as www.dvd-digest.com.
     17.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Matthew Robert Pavolich (?Pavolich?) is a citizen of the=
 State of
     Indiana, and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.livid.on.openprojects.net.
     18.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Ian A. Gulliver (?Gulliver?) is a citizen of the State o=
f New
     York, and operates an Internet web site addressed as
     www.gullii.stu.rpi.edu/dvd.
     19.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Jon Hanson (?Hanson?) is a citizen of the State of Kansa=
s, and
     operates an Internet web site addressed as www.jonhanson.com/dvd.
     20.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant David M. Chan (?Chan?) is a citizen of the State of Minn=
esota,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as www.dumn.edu/~dchan=
/css.
     21.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Cameron Simpson (?Simpson?) resides in Dundas Valley, Au=
stralia,
     and operates an Internet web site addressed as www.zip.com.au/~cs.=

     22.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Tom Vogt (?Vogt?) resides in Wedel, Denmark, and operate=
s an
     Internet web site addressed as www.lemuria.org/DeCSS.
     23.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Cyril Amsellem (?Amsellem?) resides in Val de Marne, Fra=
nce, and
     operates an Internet web site addressed as www.dvd-area.com.
     24.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Thorsten Fenk (?Fenk?) resides in the country of Germany=
, and
     operates an Internet web site addressed as tasam.com/~fenkt/dvd.
     25.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     defendant Adrian Baugh (?Baugh?) resides in Oxford, England, and o=
perates
     an Internet web site addressed as
     merlin.kebble.ox.ac.uk/~adrian/css/mirrors.html.
     26.   DVD CCA is unaware of the true names and/or capacities of th=
e
     defendants sued herein under the fictitious names Does 1-500, purs=
uant to
     Code of Civil Procedure Section 474, who each were responsible in =
some way
     for the acts and omissions complained of herein.  DVD CCA will see=
k leave
     of court to amend the complaint to allege such names and capacitie=
s at such
     time as they are ascertained.
     27.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges,=
 that
     each of the Doe defendants 1 through 26 operate Internet web sites=
, at the
     below addresses, which disseminate confidential proprietary CSS in=
formation
     and also provide ?links? to other web sites which disseminate such=

     information:
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |       Doe       |                        Web Site                 =
        |
   |    Defendant    |                                                 =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 1.              | www.free-dvd.org.lu                             =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 2.              | josefine.ben.tuwien.ac.at/~david/dvd            =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 3.              | rockme.virtualave.net/                          =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 4.              | amor.rz.hu-berlin.de/~h0444t2v                  =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 5.              | www.homestead.com/_ksi0701961562917005/avoid?/in=
dex.htm |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   |-----------------+-------------------------------------------------=
--------|
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
   | 6.              | www.anglefire.com/jazz/avoiderman/              =
        |
   |                 |                                                 =
        |
=

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   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 7.              | www.intelcities.com/Main_Street/Avoiderman/             |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 8.              | www.members.theglobe.com/avoiderman/dvd.htm             |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 9.              | members.zoom.com/_XMCM/lkjhgfdsa2/index.html            |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 10.             | www.vexed.net/CSS/                                      |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 11.             | www.unitycode.org/                                      |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 12.             | batman.jytol.fi/~vuori/dvd/                             |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 13.             | www.zpok.demon.co.uk/                                   |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 14.             | www.dvdlinks.co.uk/css/                                 |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 15.             | www.twistedlogic.com/archive/dvd                        |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 16.             | www.capital.net/~wooly/                                 |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 17.             | geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/Campus/8877/index.html   |
   |                 | geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/Campus/8877/index.html   |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 18.             | www.angelfire.com/mt/popefelix/                         |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 19.             | members.tripod.lycos.nl/jvz/                            |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 20.             | tv.acmecity.com/parody/356/index.html                   |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 21.             | cryptome.org/dvd-free.htm                               |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 22.             | altern.org/bettina/0a0a.html                            |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 23.             | www.crosswinds.net/~valo/DeCSS/                         |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 24.             | info.astercity.net/~nicodem/                            |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 25.             | 134.100.185.221/decss/                                  |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|
   |                 |                                                         |
   | 26.             | www.dvdripper.videopage.de/                             |
   |                 |                                                         |
   |-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------|


     28.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges, that
     each of the Doe defendants 27 through 54 operate Internet web sites, at the
     below addresses, which disseminate confidential proprietary CSS
     information:
|----------------->
|                 |
|       Doe       |
|    Defendant    |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  |                               Web Site                                |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 27.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | Crypto.gq.nu                                                          |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 28.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.humpin.org/decss                                                  |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 29.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | 209.132.25.138/~inkk/DVD/                                             |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 30.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | members.brabant.chello.nl/~j.vreeken/main.html                        |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 31.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | dirtass.beyatch.net/                                                  |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 32.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | therapy.endorphin.org/DVD/                                            |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 33.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.angelfire.com/in2/mirror/                                         |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 34.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | sent.freeserve.co.uk/DeCSS                                            |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 35.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | members.tripod.co.uk/bap/css/css.html                                 |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 36.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | angelfire.com/myband/decss/top.html                                   |
  | angelfire.com/myband/decss/top.html                                   |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 37.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/tylerbridge/679/dvd.html                   |
  | fortunecity.com/tinpan/tylerbridge/679/dvdcss.html                    |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 38.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | munitions.vipul.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz    |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 39.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | munitions.polkaroo.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 40.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | munitions.dyn.org/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz      |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 41.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | munitions.cifs.org/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz     |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 42.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | uk1.munitions.net/software/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz      |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 43.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | munitions.firenze.linux.it/algorithms/streamciphers/decss.tar.gz      |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 44.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | perso.libertysurf.fr/ortal98/dvd_rip/decss_12b.zip                    |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 45.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | users.drak.net/bemann/software/css/                                   |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 46.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Port/3224/                            |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 47.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | ftp://alma.dhs.org/pub/DVD/                                           |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 48.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | decss.tripod.com/index.html                                           |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 49.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | discordia.de/decss/DeCss.zip                                          |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 50.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.dvd-copy.com/                                                     |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 51.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | dvdtidbits.com/dvd.shtml                                              |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 52.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | www.neophile.net/                                                     |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 53.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | perso.club-internet.fr/ches/dl/rippers/                               |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------->
|                 |
| 54.             |
|                 |
|----------------->
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                       |
  | plato.nebulanet.net:88/css/                                           |
  |                                                                       |
  >-----------------------------------------------------------------------|



     29.   DVD CCA is informed and believes, and based thereon alleges, that
     each of the Doe defendants 55 through 72 operate Internet web sites, at the
     below addresses, which provide 
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?links? to other web sites which disseminate
     confidential proprietary CSS information:
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |       Doe       |                        Web Site                =
        |
    |    Defendant    |                                                =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 55.             | quintessenzs.at/q/mirrors.html                 =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 56.             | www.ceraton.com/decss/                         =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 57.             | slashdot.org/articles/99/11/09/1342207.shtml   =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 58.             | cryptome.org/dvd-css.htm                       =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 59.             | ftp://dvd:dvd@206.98.63.136/                   =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 60.             | www.deja.com/getdoc.xp?AN=3D547600297          =
          |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 61.             | www.brakton.freeservers.com/#downloads         =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 62.             | www.remco.xgov.net/dvd/                        =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 63.             | www.dvdcracked.tvheaven.com/index.html         =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 64.             | dvdsite.homepage.com/                          =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 65.             | www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Derby/2659         =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 66.             | get.to/dvdsite                                 =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 67.             | home.worldonline.dk/~andersa/download/index.htm=
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 68.             | www.ooze.org/dvd.html                          =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 69.             | start.at/dvdsoft                               =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 70.             | mmadb.no/hwplus/DeCSS/decss.html               =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 71.             | home.sol.no/~espen-b/dvd/css/decss.html        =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    | 72.             | o2.uio.no/dvd                                  =
        |
    |                 |                                                =
        |
    |-----------------+------------------------------------------------=
--------|






                                     ALLEGATIONS

                       DVD Format and Need For Copy Protection


     30.   DVDs provide high quality images, such as motion pictures, d=
igitally
     formatted on a convenient 5-inch disc that is resistant to wear an=
d damage
     and allows for many attractive consumer features not presently ava=
ilable in
     other video formats.  DVD video discs containing data comprising m=
otion
     pictures in encrypted form can be played either on special purpose=
 machines
     (?DVD Players?) or personal computers (?PCs?) equipped with DVD dr=
ives.
     Encryption is necessary to prevent copying of the copyrighted mate=
rial on
     the DVD.  In order that the copyrighted motion picture can be play=
ed,
     either form of player device requires implementation of the CSS al=
gorithm
     and ?master keys? to carry out the decryption of the data stored o=
n the
     disc.  The implementation that provides this decryption function i=
s
     developed by the licensees of DVD CCA using the detailed specifica=
tions
     which is provided by DVD CCA to such licensees.
     31.   Before allowing their copyrighted motion pictures to be used=
 on the
     DVD format, the motion picture companies insisted on a viable copy=

     protection system to prevent users from making copies of the motio=
n
     pictures.  Such protection is necessary to prevent copying from di=
scs that
     are rented or borrowed and, more importantly, to prevent broader s=
cale
     piracy through widespread transmission of these motion pictures ov=
er the
     Internet and widespread distribution of ?pirated? discs in competi=
tion with
     the authorized prerecorded discs.
     32.   Without the motion picture companies? copyrighted content fo=
r DVD
     video, there would be no viable market for computer DVD drives and=
 DVD
     players, as well as the related computer chips and software necess=
ary to
     run these devices and, thus, there would be no DVD video industry.=

     33.   CSS is proprietary technology that was developed to provide =
the
     protection demanded by the motion picture companies against unauth=
orized
     copying of their copyrighted material.  This proprietary technolog=
y,
     including trade secrets, is currently being licensed by DVD CCA, a=
s the
     sole duly authorized licensing entity for the CSS technology.  Any=
 party
     desiring lawfully to use the CSS technology -- either to encrypt c=
ontent or
     decrypt content -- must do so through a license from DVD CCA.


          The CSS Agreement as Mechanism to Protect DVD Encryption Soft=
ware


     34.   Beginning on or about October 31, 1996, DVD CCA?s
     predecessor-in-interest began licensing CSS technology pursuant to=
 an
     agreement that later became the Amended and Restated CSS Interim L=
icense
     Agreement, including the related CSS PROCEDURAL AND AMENDED AND RE=
STATED
     TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (collectively, the ?CSS Agreement?).  Sin=
ce that
     time hundreds of licensees have entered into the CSS Agreement.  T=
he CSS
     Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions under which the CSS =
licensing
     entity (currently DVD CCA) would grant licenses to, among others,
     manufacturers of DVD players or DVD drives and related hardware an=
d
     software.  Licensees were granted the right to use the security sy=
stem on
     DVD products and agreed to safeguard the CSS technology from publi=
c
     disclosure.
     35.   The CSS Agreement gives the licensees the right to use the
     technology, and provides the necessary descrambling technology and=
 ?master
     keys? to do so.  The proprietary technology is not accessible to u=
nlicensed
     third parties because it is either incorporated in hardware device=
s --
     chips -- or made tamper resistant if distributed in the form of ac=
tual
     software.  Both forms of distribution are such that the proprietar=
y
     technology cannot be viewed by non-licensees.  Each licensee is as=
signed a
     set of ?master keys? unique to each licensee.  When the DVD system=
 was
     created, approximately 400 such ?master keys? were predesignated, =
to be
     assigned to licensees over time, and each DVD disc contains, in a =
part of
     the disc not normally read by the player device, a file containing=
 the 400
     ?master keys.?  The system will not operate unless the key contain=
ed in the
     licensee?s decryption module (a chip or software program) matches =
one of
     the ?master keys? stored on the DVD disc.
     36.   The CSS Agreement requires licensees to maintain the confide=
ntiality
=

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     of certain defined pieces of information, such as the algorithms and
     
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?master keys? and, as such, licensees are subject to a very stringent s=
et
     of rules to ensure the maintenance of confidentiality within the g=
roup of
     licensees.
     37.   Among the safeguards taken is the requirement that only thos=
e
     licensees that absolutely need to know a particular algorithm and/=
or key
     are provided with such information.  For example, a manufacturer o=
f
     semiconductor chips for descrambling CSS content in stand-alone DV=
D players
     is provided with information necessary for manufacturing such chip=
s but not
     with information concerning the scrambling process itself or the
     authentication between DVD drives and the descrambling module used=
 for
     computer-based implementations.  Companies that merely assemble pa=
rts and
     components produced by others may be required to be licensees in o=
rder to
     purchase such parts and components, but these companies are not pr=
ovided
     with the proprietary CSS information at issue.
     38.   The CSS Agreement mandates that licensees provide the propri=
etary CSS
     technology at issue only to the strictest minimum number of licens=
ee's
     employees who require access to the information, beginning with on=
ly three
     employees and expanding beyond three only upon notification to the=
 licensor
     of the names of the additional employees.  Licensees who violate t=
hese
     requirements are subject to liquidated damages in the amount of $1=
 million
     per violation (with a cap based on profits made from the sale of l=
icensed
     products).
     39.   Additionally, licensees implementing authentication and desc=
rambling
     functions in the software are required to do so only in a manner t=
hat
     obscures the proprietary CSS technology at issue, so as effectivel=
y to
     frustrate anyone seeking to obtain such proprietary information.  =
Specific
     means of accomplishing this protection requirement are provided to=

     licensees to illustrate the types of measures to be taken and the =
level of
     technical skill that must be employed to defeat any such measures.=
  Failure
     to abide by these operating restrictions can subject the licensee =
to
     injunctions prohibiting the sale of the product in which the failu=
re
     occurs, through actions brought either by the licensor or by third=
 party
     beneficiary content owners.
                                 Creation of DVD CCA


     40.   DVD CCA?s predecessor-in-interest began the process of licen=
sing
     companies to use the technology pursuant to copy protection rules =
contained
     in the ?procedural specifications? associated with the CSS Agreeme=
nt.  The
     companies in the DVD video business (motion picture, computer, and=
 consumer
     electronics companies) recognized that the licensing of CSS techno=
logy,
     which is and was critical to the adoption of the DVD video format,=
 ought to
     be controlled and administered by the companies in the three indus=
tries
     together and that the costs associated with such critical intellec=
tual
     property protection should be borne by the hundreds of companies i=
nvolved
     in the DVD video business.
     41.   The DVD industry agreed that the best solution would be the =
creation
     of a licensing entity owned and controlled by the licensees of the=

     technology, pursuant to governance rules that balanced the interes=
ts of the
     three industries involved.
     42.   The DVD Copy Control Association, Inc. was, therefore, forme=
d in
     December 1998 as a Delaware not-for-profit trade association.
     43.   The transition to have DVD CCA become this tri-industry lice=
nsing
     administrator began some time ago.  In September 1999, DVD CCA hir=
ed its
     first staff and occupied offices in Morgan Hill, California.  Foll=
owing
     staff training and working with personnel of DVD CCA?s
     predecessors-in-interest, who have administered the CSS Agreement,=
 in early
     December 1999, DVD CCA and its predecessor signed an agreement, wh=
ereby DVD
     CCA began itself to handle the day-to-day licensing tasks pursuant=
 to the
     CSS Agreement.
     44.   In mid-December 1999, DVD CCA?s predecessor-in-interest assi=
gned its
     licensing interests under the CSS Agreement making DVD CCA the sol=
e
     licensing entity which grants licenses to the CSS technology in th=
e DVD
     video format.  Additionally, DVD CCA was given direct rights to en=
force the
     CSS Agreement.
                          The ?Hack? of the CSS Technology


     45.   As early as October 25, 1999, the source code of a program n=
amed
     DeCSS was posted on the Internet by Jon Johansen, an individual re=
siding in
     Norway, on the web site mmadb.no/hwplus/Software/DeCSS/decss.html.=
  The
     DeCSS program which appeared on this web site embodies, uses, and/=
or is a
     substantial derivation of confidential proprietary information whi=
ch DVD
     CCA licenses pursuant to the CSS Agreement.  The DeCSS program and=
 links to
     other sites with the DeCSS program were removed from the web site =
on or
     around November 8, 1999.  The program was removed by Mr. Johansen =
after a
     demand to remove the infringing information was sent to him by an =
attorney
     from Simsonsen & Mus=E6us, a Norwegian law firm.  A link to the De=
CSS program
     reappeared on the site on December 11, 1999.  It is not clear who =
is
     responsible for posting the link.  The web site operator is named =
as Doe
     defendant 70 in this Complaint.
     46.   On information and belief, the DeCSS program first appeared =
in the
     United States, as early as October 25, 1999, on a web site operate=
d by
     defendant Pavolich addressed as www.livid.on.openprojects.net.
     47.   On information and belief, this proprietary information was =
obtained
     by willfully ?hacking? and/or improperly reverse engineering softw=
are
     created by CSS licensee Xing Technology Corporation (?Xing?).  Xin=
g?s
     software is and was licensed to users under a license agreement wh=
ich
     specifically prohibits reverse engineering.
     48.   Since the October 25, 1999 appearance of DeCSS, proprietary =
CSS
     information has been displayed on web sites (or by web sites ?link=
ing? to
     other web sites which display the information) in at least 11 stat=
es and 11
     countries throughout the world.  Extensive investigative efforts w=
ere
     immediately undertaken by DVD CCA and the Motion Picture Associati=
on?s
     (?MPA?) anti-piracy task force, to locate web sites which were pos=
ting
     and/or ?linking? to other sites posting the proprietary informatio=
n, and
     Internet service providers which were hosting such sites.  The MPA=
 sent
     notices to 66 web sites and Internet service providers demanding t=
hat this
     information be removed immediately.  After receiving such notice,
     approximately 25 of these web sites and Internet service providers=

     voluntarily removed the proprietary information or ?links? to the
     information at issue.  On information and belief, all named defend=
ants
     (with the exception of defendant Hanson) and Does 1, 8, 10 through=
 14, 16,
     26, 28, 31, 32, 33, 35, 48 through 54, and 62 through 72 have rece=
ived
     notice through the MPA and refused to remove the information at is=
sue.
     Defendant Hanson and the other Doe defendants have not received an=
y notice
     to date because their existence has only recently become known.
     49.   Defendants knew or should have known when they posted or pro=
vided
     ?links? to the DeCSS program on their web sites that it was being =
made
     available by virtue of the unauthorized use of proprietary informa=
tion and
     that they were misusing proprietary confidential information gaine=
d through
     improper means.  This is because the DeCSS program has the capabil=
ity to
     defeat DVD encryption software and, as a result, the DeCSS program=
 allows
     users to illegally pirate the copyrighted motion pictures containe=
d on DVD
     videos - - activity which is fatal to the DVD video format and the=
 hundreds
     of computer and consumer electronics companies whose businesses re=
ly on the
     viability of this digital format.
               Information posted on Defendants? web sites establishes =
that they


     are fully aware that, in posting or ?linking? to the DeCSS program=
, they


     are wrongfully appropriating proprietary trade secrets.  For examp=
le:




               (a) Defendant McLaughlin explains to visitors of his sit=
e:  "Mark
               of the scofflaw!  Here's my local copy of the CSS decryp=
tion
               software, enjoy[;]"

                (b)   Defendant  Baugh  acknowledges  that  ?I  may ver=
y well be
     sued?.?

                (c)   Doe  defendant  14 challenges:  ?I have the money=
 to go to
     court.  Your call[;]?

               (d)  in  response  to  the MPA and DVD CCA?s anti-piracy=
 efforts,
               including  cease  and desist letters, defendants Vogt, B=
lank, and
               Doe defendants 4, 9, 23 and 37 provide a ?Note to the la=
wyers and
               other scum ? It was the DVD consortium that f***up, ?[;]=
?

               (e)  similarly,  defendant  Jones  explains ?Listen, law=
yers, and
               those  you  represent:   This is none of your concern.  =
The horse
               has  been  let  out[;]?  mocking  the  ?trained  weasels=
 you call
               lawyers[;]?

               (f)  Doe  defendant  35  states:   ?F[_  _  _] da feds! =
? ?[h]uh?
               Aren?t these files legal?  Oh, well, I didn?t know that!=
?


     50.   DVD encryption technology was (and is) critical to the adopt=
ion and
     utilization of the DVD format.  Without such copy protection, the =
motion
 =

    picture companies would not have allowed their copyrighted motion p=
ictures
     to be available in this new digital video format.  Without motion =
picture
     content, there would be no viable market for computer DVD drives a=
nd DVD
     players, as well as the related computer chips and software necess=
ary to
     run these devices.  Accordingly, the Defendants? continued misappr=
opriation
     of proprietary CSS technology will have a devastating effect on DV=
D CCA and
     many other California businesses in the motion picture, computer, =
and
     consumer electronics industries, who have invested substantial amo=
unts of
     money and resources in the development of the DVD video format.
     51.   The sole business purpose and reason for the existence of DV=
D CCA, a
     trade association headquartered in Morgan Hill, California, is to =
be the
     tri-industry licensing entity and administrator of the CSS technol=
ogy.
     Defendants? continued misappropriation and dissemination of propri=
etary CSS
     technology threatens the existence of the DVD format and, thus, th=
e very
     existence of DVD CCA.  If the proprietary nature of the CSS techno=
logy is
     compromised, it will likely mean the end of this California busine=
ss.
     52.   The effect of the unlawful activities of the Defendants on t=
he motion
     picture industry, centered in California -- as well as on the nume=
rous
     California computer and consumer electronics businesses, including=
 73
     companies in California of which there are 42 in Santa Clara Count=
y and an
     additional 17 in other Bay area locations -- is immeasurable.  Apa=
rt from
     the substantial resources that these industries have invested in t=
he
     adoption of the DVD format, the wholesale copying and distribution=
 of
     copyrighted motion pictures destroys the motion picture industry?s=
 ability
     to protect its intellectual property and destroys the market for t=
he
     computer and consumer electronics industries? DVD-based products.
     53.   In addition to the immediate consequence that copyrighted mo=
tion
     pictures have been pirated, the ?hack? and disclosure of the CSS
     proprietary information has already had a very serious adverse eff=
ect on
     consumers, in California and elsewhere, in that the introduction o=
f a
     related product -- DVD audio -- has been delayed.  The major music=

     companies have indicated that they are not prepared to use a ?comp=
romised?
     system to protect their content and have insisted on the creation =
of a new
     technology and system.  The launch of DVD audio products, planned =
for
     December 1999, has, thus, been postponed for at least six months w=
hile new
     copy protection technology is developed, agreed upon, and implemen=
ted.


                                FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION
                         (Misappropriation of Trade Secrets)


     54.   DVD CCA repeats and realleges the allegations of paragraphs =
1 through
     54 of this Complaint and incorporates them herein by reference.
     55.   DVD CCA and its predecessors-in-interest have adopted reason=
able
     measures as described herein to maintain the secrecy of the CSS in=
formation
     at issue.

     56.   DVD CCA and its predecessors-in-interest, as well as compani=
es in the
     motion picture, computer, and consumer electronics industry have i=
nvested
     substantial amounts of money and resources in the development of
     safeguards, such as the CSS licensing mechanism, to protect copyri=
ghted
     material contained on DVD discs.  The CSS license and, in particul=
ar, how
     it protects the DVD technology, is of great commercial importance =
to DVD
     CCA and the motion picture, computer, and consumer electronics ind=
ustries.
     57.   The proprietary algorithms and/or ?master keys? of the CSS a=
re
     valuable proprietary property and trade secrets currently licensed=
 by DVD
     CCA.
     58.   Defendants knew or should have known when they posted the De=
CSS
     program on their web sites or provided ?links? to other sites post=
ing this
     program, that such program was created through the unauthorized us=
e of
     proprietary CSS information, which was illegally ?hacked.?
     59.   Defendants knew or should have known when they posted or ?li=
nked? to
     the DeCSS program that they were misusing confidential, proprietar=
y
     information belonging to DVD CCA or one of its predecessors-in-int=
erest
     and/or that their activities were improper because such program wa=
s
     designed specifically to enable users to defeat CSS encryption in =
order to
     illegally pirate DVD videos and, thus, was specifically aimed at i=
nfringing
     motion picture industry copyrights in the DVD contents.
     60.   Defendants? posting or ?linking? to the DeCSS program on the=
ir web
     sites, with full knowledge of its unlawful purpose and despite not=
ice of
     its infringing nature and demands to remove the same, constitutes =
the
     willful misappropriation of the CSS trade secrets at issue.
     61.   As a result of Defendants? misappropriation of its trade sec=
rets, DVD
     CCA has suffered and continues to suffer irreparable injury, for w=
hich
     there is no adequate remedy at law.
     62.   Defendants? misappropriation of the CSS trade secrets was ca=
rried out
     in a willful, wanton and reckless manner in disregard of the right=
s of DVD
     CCA.
     63.   Unless enjoined by the Court, Defendants will continue their=

     misappropriation of the CSS trade secrets by continuing to post an=
d ?link?
     to the proprietary information on their web sites and plaintiff wi=
ll
     continue to suffer irreparable harm.







                                  PRAYER FOR RELIEF


               WHEREFORE, DVD CCA prays for judgment:




               1.     that  Defendants  have  willfully  misappropriate=
d the CSS


     technology trade secrets;


               2.     entering a temporary restraining order and prelim=
inary and


     permanent   injunctions,   enjoining   and  restraining  Defendant=
s,  their


     officers,  directors,  principals,  agents, servants, employees, a=
ttorneys,


     successors  and  assigns,  and  all those acting in concert, combi=
nation or


     participation  with  any  of  them either directly or indirectly, =
singly or


     together,   from   making  any  further  use  or  otherwise  discl=
osing  or


     distributing,  on  their  web sites or elsewhere, or ?linking? to =
other web


     sites  which disclose, distribute, or ?link? to any proprietary pr=
operty or


     trade  secrets  relating  to  the CSS technology and specifically =
enjoining


     Defendants,   its   officers,   directors,  principals,  agents,  =
servants,


     employees,  attorneys,  successors  and  assigns,  and  all those =
acting in


     concert,  combination  or participation with any of them either di=
rectly or


     indirectly,  singly  or  together,  from  copying,  duplicating, l=
icensing,


     selling,  distributing, publishing, leasing, renting or otherwise =
marketing


     the DeCSS computer program and all other products containing, usin=
g, and/or


     substantially derived from CSS proprietary property or trade secre=
ts;





               3.     awarding  to  DVD CCA the costs of this action, r=
easonable


     attorneys  fees,  and  such  further  and other relief as is found=
 just and


     proper.




|----------------------------------------->
|                                         |
| Dated:  December 28, 1999               |
|                                         |
|----------------------------------------->
  >-----------------------------------------|
  |                                         |
  | WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES LLP              |
  |                                         |
  >-----------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------->
|                                         |
|                                         |
|                                         |
|----------------------------------------->
  >-----------------------------------------|
  |                                         |
  |                                         |
  |                                         |
  |                                         |
  | By:                                     |
  |      JARED B. BOBROW                    |
  | (State Bar. No.133712)                  |
  |                                         |
  |      Attorneys for Plaintiff            |
  |      DVD Copy Control Association, Inc. |
  |                                         |
  >-----------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------->
|                                         |
|                                         |
|                                         |
|                                         |
|                                         |
|----------------------------------------->
  >-----------------------------------------|
  |                                         |
  |                                         |
  | OF COUNSEL:                             |
  |                                         |
  >-----------------------------------------|





          WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES LLP
          ROBERT G. SUGARMAN**  Pro hac vice applications being submitt=
ed to the
     Court.
          JEFFREY L. KESSLER*
          EDWARD J. BURKE
          JONATHAN S. SHAPIRO*
          767 Fifth Avenue
          New York, New York 10153
          Telephone:  (212) 310-8000
          Facsimile:  (212) 310-8007
=

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